Know the Facts: Appliance Rules

About the Air District's Appliance Rules

Building appliances like furnaces and water heaters are a major source of nitrogen oxide (NOx) pollution in the Bay Area. NOx contributes to unhealthy air quality by forming ozone and fine particulate matter, which can harm public health and the environment. To address this, the Air District adopted updated rules requiring newly manufactured furnaces and water heaters to meet zero-NOx emission standards beginning in 2027. These rules apply to residential and commercial space and water heating equipment and are designed to reduce harmful emissions while supporting the transition to cleaner, zero-emission technologies.

Here, we provide clear, factual information about the Building Appliance Rules, including what they require, when they take effect, and what they mean for residents, businesses, and contractors.

Myths vs. Facts

There is widespread misinformation about the Building Appliances Rules, making it important to separate myths from facts about clean air and what these rules really mean.

Myth 1

The rules ban all gas appliances, including stoves.

Fact 1

The Bay Area Air District’s appliance rules require new water heaters and furnaces to meet air pollution standards. The rules apply only to the sale and installation of new water heaters and furnaces that would take place after the specified compliance dates. Stoves, ovens, dryers, and other cooking appliances are not affected because they account for less than 10% of outdoor air pollution from appliances. The Air District has no plan to regulate these devices.

Myth 2

Homeowners must replace their existing gas appliances immediately.

Myth 3

It will be very expensive to redo a property’s electrical system to comply with this rule.

Why It Matters

Clean Air for All

Air pollution from gas-powered furnaces and water heaters is one of the largest sources of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions in the Bay Area. These pollutants contribute to smog and fine particulate matter, which can worsen asthma, increase the risk of heart and lung disease, and disproportionately impact communities already facing higher pollution levels.

The Air District adopted these rules to protect public health, improve air quality and support the transition to cleaner technologies. Reducing emissions from building appliances will help create healthier indoor and outdoor environments, reduce climate impacts, and ensure cleaner air for current and future generations.

Make the Switch

Guidance and resources for cleaner heating choices

Running people

Transitioning to zero-emission space and water heating equipment is an important step toward improving air quality and protecting public health. Cleaner technologies, such as heat pumps, provide efficient heating and cooling without producing harmful nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions.

Whether you are replacing an existing appliance or planning for future upgrades, understanding your options can help you make informed, cost-effective decisions. Resources, incentives, and guidance are available to support residents, businesses, and contractors in choosing cleaner equipment that meets the updated standards and contributes to healthier communities.

The following resources provide guidance on electric appliance purchase and installation, supporting compliance with the rules.

Residents: Learn about transitioning to electric appliances, including incentives and financing and qualified contractors through The Switch Is On. Check out local resources for more information in your county.

Contractors and Building Professionals: Learn about on-demand and in-person training, becoming a qualified contractor, and understanding incentive programs.